1.
Review the anatomy of the facial nerve.
2.
Review the microscopic anatomy of a motor nerve (axons, epineurium, etc.).
3.
Sunderland classification of nerve injury (schematic drawings would help). What are the estimated spontaneous recovery times?
4.
Describe the House-Brackman grading scale. Are there others? Which do you prefer?
5.
What is Bell’s phenomenon?
6.
How does timing of injury influence the timing of your reanimation procedures? Acute vs. old injury? Can you provide us with an algorithm?
7.
Discuss the management of the eye in facial paralysis, include surgical procedures.
8.
Static vs dynamic reanimation. Is one better than the other?
9.
Facial nerve grafting. When and how. Donor nerve options.
10.
Nerve transposition. When and which nerves?
11.
Free muscle transfer. When and which muscles?
12.
Discuss non-surgical management of facial nerve paralysis.
Reference(s):
Cronin, G.W., Steenerson, R.L. (2003). The effectiveness of neuromuscular facial retraining combined with electromyography in facial paralysis rehabiliation. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 128(4), 534-8.
Cabin, J.A., Massry, G.G., Azizzadeh, B. Botulinum toxin in the management of facial paralysis. Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 23(4), 272-80.
13.
What is synkinesis, why does it occur and what can you do about it?
Reference(s):
Placheta, E., Tzou, C.-H. J., Hold, A., Pona, I., & Frey, M. (2014). Facial synkinesia before and after surgical reanimation of the paralyzed face. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 133(6), 842e–851e.